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Synthesis of Spinel Ferrite with their Magnetic Properties, Reusability, Particle Size, Fuels, Surface Area, Dye Degradation as Application

Rahul Jarariya

Ferrite spinel gained huge attention due to its wide application area from biomedical to wastewater treatment, pharmaceuticals, biomedical, electronic devices, photocatalyst etc. The common ferrite spinal formula is M-Fe2O4 where M is Fe, Co, Mn, Zn, Cu, and Ni. The Microwave Solution Combustion (MSC) method and Solution Combustion Synthesis (SCS) is promising methods for catalytic activity or any solid material. This method is fast, energy-efficient and needs lesser equipment than any others. MSC method is reviewed in detail with insight into the effect of parameters. In this process, microwave irradiation is used to keep precursors at an excited state and make them highly reactive. Normally 2.45 GHz frequency microwave is used for this process. As this process is a solvent-free process. The most commonly used metal sources are nitrates of metals and fuel precursors are urea, L-arginine, glycerol etc. Urea is the most commonly used fuel because it gives less particle size. Different parameters such as fuel to oxidizer ratio, irradiation time, power of microwave and temperature and pressure can be optimized to get faster and better yield. This process does not need further calcination but needs several items of washing with ethanol or n-butanol for purification of the final product. In the end, it generates a large volume of gases produced during the combustion process. And this process can be used only for laboratory purposes till yet and some research is awaited on rare earth metals doped with spinel. But in SCS, directly jump to calcination after precursor homogenized at neutral pH i.e., 7. Both methods can work collimated if required a higher degree of separation with better yield and magnetic separation susceptibility during implementation on degradation on dye. IN