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Analysis of National and International Factors that Influenced Implementing Reforms in Jordan

Anas N. Al-Rabadi, Rania F. Al-Rabadi

This paper investigates some of the main factors that influenced sustainability of reforms in Jordan for the period from the establishment of the state of Jordan until the first decade of the rule of the new King after the late King Hussein. This period is significant for its important and long lasting ripple effects on the follow up years. Besides that, and within this investigated period, Jordan’s aspiration had focused on benefiting from the opportunities of economic openness and global integration to become an active contributor in the global economy. The challenges in realizing this vision occurred majorly in the effectiveness to adapt to a continuously changing set of global economic indicators. While implementing economic privatization and globalization, it is also noticed that, since the implementation of the World Bank-influenced Stabilization and Structural Adjustment Program, the poverty rates in Jordan had been substantially increased within short to medium runs. This paper presents in depth major milestones within internal and external factors that affected Jordan’s political and economic reforms throughout this important time frame.