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A Cross-Sectional Study of the Factors Affecting the Periapical Status of Endodontically Treated Teeth

Suelleng Maria Cunha Santos Soares, Janir Alves Soares, Márcio Alexandre Homem, José Cristiano Ramos Glória, Rodrigo Dantas Pereira, Manoel Brito-Júnior, Allyson Nogueira Moreira, Claúdia Silami de Magalhães

The objective of the study was to evaluate the relation of various clinical and radiographic factors on the periapical status of teeth treated endodontically by postgraduate students. Radiographic and clinical parameters related to root canal fillings, periodontal condition, coronal restorations, caries, endodontic signs and symptoms, and treatment-related complications were evaluated. Bivariate analysis and a multiple logistic regression model were used to analyze the data. In total, 157 endodontically treated teeth in 124 patients were investigated, 86 (54.8%) of which were molars. Radiographically, 136 (86.6%) teeth had periapical normality and 141 (90.5%) were asymptomatic. Only 20 (12.7%) of the root canal fillings were deficient, but 77 (49.1%) coronal restorations were inadequate. Thirty-six (22.9%) teeth had caries, whereas 60 (38.2%) had periodontal disease. Bivariate analysis showed that only the type of caries (p = 0.019) and ideal apical limit of the root canal filling (p = 0.03) were significantly related to the periapical status. However, multiple logistic regression analysis indicated no significant relationships between the periapical status and the parameters studied. In conclusion teeth treated endodontically by postgraduate students showed high-quality root canal fillings and periapical normality. Moreover, the presence of caries, inadequate coronal restorations, and periodontal disease were not related to periapical status of these teeth.