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Role of Syzygium Cumini Seed Extract in Preventing the 7, 12-Dimethylbenz (a) anthracene Induced Skin Carcinogenesis

Jyoti Parmar, Priyanka Sharma, and Pradeep K Goyal

Investigation of cancer chemopreventive and anti-oxidative property of S.cumini seed extract (SCE) on 7,12-dimethyl benz(a)anthracene (DMBA) induced skin carcinogenesis in mice. Animals were divided into four groups on the basis of their respective treatments wherein mice of Group I & II served as vehicle treated and SCE treated controls respectively. For induction of skin tumors, mice of Group III and IV were applied topically with 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) followed 2 weeks later by repeated application of croton oil (1% in acetone three times a week) and continued till the end of the experiment (i.e. 16 weeks). Mice of Group IV were administered S.cumini seed extract (SCE) at peri- & post-initiational stage. The results of the study revealed a significant decrease in incidence, cumulative number of papillomas, tumor yield and tumor burden in mice of Group IV as compared with DMBA alone at the end of experiment. A significant reduction in tumor weight and tumor volume was also observed. Reduction in the incidence and number of papilloma, the preneoplastic lesions, was considered to be the mean of assessment. Significant (p<0.01) decrease in the level of lipid peroxidation and significant (p<0.01-p<0.001) enhancement in the activity of antioxidants (GSH, SOD, Vitamin-C) and total proteins levels were recorded in Group IV. SCE was also found potential in reducing the histopathological lesions induced in tumors by DMBA. From the present study, it can be inferred that Syzygium cumini possesses has chemopreventive and anti-oxidative potential for chemical induced carcinogenesis. Such chemopreventive activity may be linked with the antioxidant/free radical-scavenging constituents present in the extract.